ESTUDIO GEOMORFOLÓGICO
DEL CARSO EN LA REGIÓN
GIBARA-BANES DE HOLGUÍN, CUBA
Mario Octavio Cotilla Rodríguez
A geomorphological study on karst peculiarities in a territory
of the northeastern region of Cuba -from Gibara to Banes- was
fulfilled using, cabinet and field works, aerial panchromatic
photographies and satellite imageries. Fracture analysis of diferent
types of karst is included. The information is graphically synthetized
at 1:100,000 scale. The karstic complex occupies a 22.4% of the
total area of the studied region existing predominance of the
type of plain karst (66.1%) on that of heights (33.9%). The Gibara-Banes
region can be interpreted as karstics bands or zones succession
(of different area) from the coast to the interior (submarine
part, Cupeicillo, Maniabón and Cacocúm-Cabo Lucrecia).
The possible location area of the Nuclear Power Plant (CEN) is
found in the karstic coastal plain and of coastal terraces.
LA RED FLUVIAL DE CUBA Y SU
INTERPRETACIÓN MORFOESTRUCTURAL
M.O. Cotilla Rodríguez
E.C. González Clemente
C.C. Cañete Pérez
J.L. Díaz Comesañas
R. Carral Chao
The work is an application of the Geomorphology, with the element
employment of river type, for the subsequent morphostructural
characterization of Cuba. The fluvial net is studied in detail
and are categorized the watersheds (water parting or dividing)
of the superficial waters in two neither-you watch, principal
and secondary, that are reflected in a map of scale 1:250,000.
They were delimited 81 and 112 river basins to the north and to
the south, respectively, of the dividing principal. The Cauto
River possesses the greater level (value seven) of the river classification.
There is a principal watershed of 1,260 km of extension, that
is drawn from the west (Cape of San Antonio) until the eastern
extreme (Headland of Maisí). In the eastern region this
element is split into two branches.
UTILIZACIÓN DE LA IMAGEN
DEL SATÉLITE LANDSAT-TM PARA CARACTERIZAR
LA VEGETACIÓN AMAZÓNICA
Darwin Gómez
The Peruvian Amazon is characterised by uplift and subsidence
processes. These modern (quaternary) tectonic processes produce
the landscape of the ante-arc basin of the Peruvian Amazon. The
landscape consists of two well-differentiated environments that
can be characterised by soil and vegetation type: the non-flooded
upland areas and the flooded areas (swamp forest) produced by
the subsidence process. The research described here aims at evaluating
the use of remote sensing to map vegetation types.
We can differentiate the following vegetation types from the
satellite images: Swamp Forest, their transition to the Heterogeneous
Forest, the purma (secondary forest) which is product of the deforestation.
We can described the "varillal" and "chamizal".
The types of vegetation are characterized by their structure,
density
and floristic composition. The patterns of the landscape are very
clear in the images of the satellites. They are very useful for
the cartography and monitoring of the vegetation.
PROPUESTA PARA EL USO DE DUNAS
LITORALES EN CHILE CENTRAL
Carlos Tavares Corrêa
The aim of this paper is to propose a land use model based on
geomorphological and ecological approaches on coastal dunes, in
order to promote their rational use and conservation. The study
area is located at the provincia de Arauco, Central Chile (37°40'S
to 38°20'S) where the dunefields correspond to 41.5% of the
entire coastal dunes in Chile. By means of background field studies
and photointerpretation analysis there were identified geomorphic
and ecological characteristics whose transformations resulted
from the present management in the coastal dunefield. Also, based
on geomorphic and ecological criteria, it is proposed a division
area in three sectors. According to potential rates of wind blown
sediments, the three sectors are qualified as for Conservation
(South Sector), Stabilization (North Sector) or a combination
of both (Central Sector). At the same time, these sectors are
divided in small units, which were assigned for activities like
forestation, stabilization, conservation, agriculture and grazing.
PRINCIPALES USOS DEL SUELO
EN UN SECTOR DE LA PAMPA DEPRIMIDA BONAERENSE, REPÚBLICA
ARGENTINA
Silvia Falasca
Ana Ulberich
The study area is a sector of the depressed pampas of Buenos
Aires whose economic activity is based on cattle production. It
was worked on the soils map of the Buenos Aires province at scale
1:500000 where 27 cartographic units appear. Considering the land
use capacity for each taxonomic unit that forms each cartographic
unit, then a the map of aptitude use was elaborated. Thus, land
uses appeared dedicated to: cattleman, agricultural, cattleman-agricultural,
and agricultural-cattleman, defining the preponderant and equally
agricultural-cattle activity in the first place, when they appear
without priority one activity on the other one.
It was analyzed texture and organic matter content of the superficial
horizon, depth and subsurface horizon thickness. The percentages
of interchangeable sodium were also analyzed in those two horizons.
To define the value corresponding of each variable to the cartographic
unit an pondered average was according to the covered area by
each taxonomic unit inside it.
Knowing the main limitations for each integral soil of each cartographic
unit the map of limitations was made by cartographic units.
All the results were presented in thematic maps by cartographic
unit.
ÍNDICES DE LA EROSIVIDAD
DE LA LLUVIA EN EL PARTIDO DE TANDIL,
PROVINCIA DE BUENOS AIRES, ARGENTINA
Silvia Falasca
María Bernabé
The area of study is Tandil's district. It's located in the center
southeast of the Province of Buenos Aires, and is crossed by Tandilia's
system in the central sector. A classes slope's class map to demonstrate
the hydric erosion danger was made.
Then there were analyzed annual and monthly series of rainfall.
With the empirical series there was calculated the monthly probable
rainfall, the maximum of rain in 24 hours with different periods
of recurrence and the percentage of daily rains with erosive capacity.
The aim of this work was the analysis of the rainfalls and the
erosive factor estimation of the rain (R) with different methodologies:
Wischmeier, Fournier, Icona, Roose and Arnoldus by means of the
utilization of parameters and meteorological variables more common
than the hourly intensity of the rainfall, measured in few stations
in the Argentine Republic. Comparing Arnoldus and Wischmeier methods
were observed that some R monthly were similar, nevertheless,
in general the estimations realized with the first method they
threw lower results.
Nevertheless, the annual distribution of the erosive capacity
indicates values more raised in the spring-summer months and lower
in the winter months. It is necessary to indicate that Icona and
Fournier methods provided good indexes of R annual. Obtained estimations
applying Roose's formula they turned out to be most raised from
all the analyzed methods.
CAMBIO EN LA EVAPOTRANSPIRACIÓN
POTENCIAL DE LA PRADERA PAMPEANA
(REPÚBLICA ARGENTINA) INDUCIDO POR UN PERIODO HÚMEDO
Silvia Falasca
Juan A. Forte Lay
The study area corresponds to the provinces that partially integrate
the Pampeana Region of the Argentine Republic: Buenos Aires, Córdoba,
La Pampa, Entre Ríos and Santa Fe, including an approximate
surface of 828,120 km2.
It was used the original Penman (1948) formula, because it is
considered by many specialists as the only one that due to its
physical base, is able to produce reliable valuations of regional
potential evapotranspiration in a wide range of natural conditions,
for the period 1961-1990 with the 47 meteorological and agrometeorological
stations distributed in the Pampeana region.
There were available values estimated by that formula for a series
of meteorological stations of Argentina, most of them calculated
by Damario and Cattáneo (1982) for the period 1941-1960.
Because it has been noticed in big areas of Argentina an increase
of the precipitation that lasts at least until ends of the century,
since mid of the XX century it can be presumed that in the same
ones the most humid environmental conditions could have determined
a decrease of the atmospheric demand of water, then decreasing
the losses of soil moisture by evapotranspiration.
The objective of this work was the presentation and discussion
of the cartography obtained with the purpose of getting the current
agroclimatic characteristics of the evapotranspiration regime
of the Pampeana Region and to compare it with the results obtained
by Damario and Cattáneo (1982) for the period 1941-1960.
The results were evaluated considering the secular tendency of
the precipitations in different locations of the area under study.
