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R E S Ú M E N E S
SECCIÓN I
ARTÍCULOS ORIGINALES
LAS CERÁMICAS MÁS
TEMPRANAS EN MÉXICO
Ángel García Cook
Para tratar el tema, el autor ha escogido tres lugares de la zona
occidental: Capacha en Colima, Puerto Marqués en Guerrero
y Barra en Chiapas; tres en la parte de oriente: Altamirano en el
norte de Veracruz, Santa Luisa en Tecolutla, Veracruz Central y
San Lorenzo en el Sur de Veracruz y tres del mediplano y altiplano
central: El Valle de Oaxaca, Purrón en el Valle de Tehuacán,
Puebla y Chalcatzingo en Morelos, para ejemplificar las características
de los diversos tipos cerámicos presentes en esos lugares
y correspondientes a las fases tempranas de su desarrollo como grupos
sedentarios. Se comenta, asimismo, sobre dos regiones -Stalling
Island y Savannah River en Georgia, y Orange en Florida- en el sureste
del actual Estados Unidos de América, USA y, además,
sobre las cerámicas tempranas en Centroamérica -básicamente
Panamá-, y por supuesto, algunos comentarios sobre las cerámicas
más antiguas en Ecuador y Colombia. Se mencionan para cada
lugar las relaciones e influencias.
THE FIRST OCCURRENCES AND EARLY
DISTRIBUTION OF POTTERY IN THE NORTH AMERICAN SOUTHWEST
James M. Heidke
Judith A. Habicht-Mauche
Current evidence suggests that we can no longer think of the origin
and spread of pottery technology in the North American Southwest
as a unitary and uniform phenomenon. Rather, at least three distinct
episodes of innovation and development can now be identified. The
first pertains to the initial development of ceramic technology
by inhabitants of the southern Southwest, and appears related to
ritual behaviors. The second is characterized by the rapid adoption
of a more sophisticated domestic, utilitarian ceramic container
technology throughout the area. The third episode encompasses the
time when pottery containers first became essential to a wide range
of domestic activities and their potential for symbolic expression
and information exchange began.
DISTRIBUTION, TIMING, AND TECHNOLOGY
OF EARLY POTTERY IN THE SOUTHEASTERN UNITED STATES
Kenneth E. Sassaman
The southeastern United States is home to the oldest pottery in
North America. Varieties of fiber-tempered ceramics and some early
sand-tempered wares are found across much of the region. Earliest
among them are the Stallings series of the Savannah River area and
Orange pottery of northeast Florida, both coming from coastal and
freshwater shell-midden sites of hunter-gatherer communities. Dating
from about 4500 B.P., Stallings pottery is well documented through
fine-grained chronology and technofunctional data. Its history of
slow, uneven diffusion embodies changes in vessel form and ceramic
paste that signal the transition from indirect-heat to direct-heat
moist cooking. Comparable technofunctional data are lacking for
other pottery series in the region, although recent research on
their distribution and timing is revealing variation heretofore
hidden by misapplication of typology and chronology. A review of
current knowledge on the distribution, timing, and technology of
the Southeast's oldest pottery underscores the need for theory which
considers social variation and social action integral to processes
of innovation diffusion.
EARLY POTTERY IN MIDWESTERN
NORTH AMERICA
Mark W. Mehrer
This is an overview of early pottery in the Midwest region of North
America. The very earliest ceramics are rare finds from Late Archaic
period (4000-6000 B.C.) contexts at the western margins of the region.
However, pottery was not in widespread use throughout the region
until roughly a millennium later during the Early Woodland period
(600-0 B.C.). The Late Archaic ceramics seem to have been unrelated
to the later Early Woodland wares. Moreover, Early Woodland wares
seem to represent influences from several easterly and southerly
directions.
SECCIÓN II
OTRAS CONTRIBUCIONES
GRAVES AND DEPOSITIONAL PROCESSES
- AN EXAMPLE FROM THE SANTA MARÍA VALLEY NORTHWESTERN ARGENTINA
Nils Johansson
Graves have traditionally been used for a multifold of purposes,
among others for creating typological chains or for studying social
differentiation in prehistoric society. However, in order to evaluate
aspects like those mentioned one has to look at the different depositional
processes that has the grave as its final result.The concepts achieved
from my discussion are later applied to the Amancay cemetery from
the site of El Pichao, Santa María Valley, Northwestern Argentina.
The cemetery was excavated during three field campaigns 1989-1991,
as part of a joint venture between Göteborg University and
the archaeological institute at the National University in San Miguel
de Tucumán, Argentina.
SECCIÓN IV
INFORMACIÓN E INVITACIONES
TERTULIAS SOBRE EL MUNDO CHIBCHA
Objetivos
Se trata de un grupo de estudio informal conformado con el fin
de estimular y divulgar investigaciones interdisciplinarias en curso
que tratan diversos temas relativos a grupos pertenecientes a la
familia lingüística chibcha.
En Colombia, existe en este momento un buen número de profesionales
investigando estos temas desde la arqueología, la etnohistoria,
la etnología, la lingüística, la etnozoología,
etc. Muchas de estas investigaciones se encuentran inéditas,
y por ello creemos que la conformación de este grupo de estudio
se constituirá en un canal para la divulgación de
avances de investigación, el intercambio de información
y estimulantes discusiones.
Desde el comienzo, enviaremos nuestros comunicados a colegas de
otros países que investigan temas relacionados, con el fin
de iniciar una aproximación que, en el futuro, podría
redundar en un estimulante intercambio. En el curso de las reuniones,
se pretende cubrir los siguientes aspectos:
- Exposición breve y discusión sobre investigaciones
en curso de las personas integrantes del grupo.
- Discusiones sobre trabajos enviados por otros investigadores
para este fin.
- Envío de los resultados de las reuniones a los participantes
e interesados.
- Publicación periódica de avances de investigación,
en publicaciones de amplia distribución.
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